Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular as environmentally-friendly alternatives to traditional petrol and diesel cars. However, winter presents a unique set of challenges for EV drivers, especially for those new to this type of car. In this article, we’ll explore some key factors to consider when driving an electric vehicle in the winter, from managing battery life to handling cold-weather driving conditions.
How Cold Weather Affects EV Batteries
One of the most noticeable effects of winter on electric vehicles is the impact on battery performance. Just like the lithium-ion batteries in mobile phones, EV batteries are affected by low temperatures. Cold weather slows down the chemical reactions inside the battery, which reduces its efficiency and capacity. This means that in winter, the range of an EV can be reduced by up to 20-40% depending on the severity of the cold and the vehicle’s make and model.
The reduction in range is particularly important to be aware of when planning longer journeys in cold conditions. While EVs are still entirely reliable, winter driving requires a bit more planning to ensure you can reach your destination and locate charging points along the way.
Preconditioning: Warming the Battery Before You Start
A highly effective way to combat the impact of cold weather on an electric vehicle in the winter is preconditioning. Preconditioning allows the driver to warm up the battery and cabin while the car is still plugged in, which saves battery power once you’re on the road. When an EV is preconditioned, it’s able to start in optimal condition, providing a more efficient and longer-lasting drive.
Most modern EVs offer remote apps or settings that allow you to set a schedule for preconditioning. This can be particularly helpful for anyone with a regular morning commute, as it ensures the car is ready and warm without needing to use battery energy on the road.
Efficient Heating: Avoid Overusing the Cabin Heater
Heating the cabin is one of the biggest energy draws for an electric vehicle in the winter. EVs don’t generate engine heat in the same way petrol or diesel cars do, so they rely on their battery to power the cabin heater. This can reduce range significantly, especially if you’re relying heavily on the heater to stay warm.
To conserve energy, consider using heated seats and steering wheels, which consume less power than heating the entire cabin. Many EVs also offer eco-driving modes that can optimise energy use, balancing comfort with efficiency. Drivers can also reduce range loss by lowering the cabin temperature and dressing warmly, creating a comfortable environment without overusing the battery.
Winter Tyres and Traction Control for Safety
Winter driving is also about ensuring you have the right tyres and traction control in place. EVs, due to their instant torque and heavy batteries, can sometimes be prone to slipping on icy or snowy surfaces. Switching to winter tyres can greatly improve grip and handling. Winter tyres are designed to stay flexible at low temperatures, improving traction on icy and snowy roads.
Electric vehicles typically come equipped with advanced traction control systems. However, it’s still essential to drive with caution and avoid sudden braking or rapid acceleration, as this can reduce stability on slippery surfaces. Winter conditions require a slower, steadier driving style to ensure you’re maximising your EV’s safety features.
Planning for Charging in Winter
Charging your electric vehicle in the winter can take longer than in warmer months. Cold weather can slow down the charging process, particularly for fast-charging stations, as the battery needs to warm up for efficient charging.
If you’re planning a long trip, factor in slightly longer charging times and consider stopping at heated or indoor charging stations if they’re available. In addition, keeping your EV plugged in whenever possible can help maintain battery warmth and improve overall range and performance.
Conclusion: Embracing an Electric Vehicle in the Winter
While driving an electric vehicle in the winter does require some adjustments, EVs are still highly reliable and efficient in colder weather. With preconditioning, efficient use of heating, and proper winter tyres, EV drivers can enjoy safe and comfortable journeys throughout the season.
Embracing these practices allows you to experience the benefits of your electric vehicle all year round, making each winter drive smoother and more predictable. With the right preparations, your EV can be just as enjoyable in the winter as it is during summer, providing an eco-friendly, smooth, and quiet ride even on the chilliest days.
